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Sheet Metal Engineering Workspace

Design, calculate and review bent sheet-metal parts.

mm · kN
Local session · not saved or sent to a server. Manufacturing review required.

PHYSICAL SHEET GEOMETRY

Build your sheet-metal part

Start with the first flange, then add each bend using its angle, radius and direction. The thick-sheet CAD preview and flat pattern will update as you work.

Flat Pattern View 2D · mm

Define the geometry and bend data to develop the flat pattern.

Bend Sequence Simulation Entered order · collision not evaluated

PHYSICAL SHEET GEOMETRY

Build your sheet-metal part

Start with the first flange, then add each bend using its angle, radius and direction. The thick-sheet CAD preview and flat pattern will update as you work.

Step 0 of 1 — Flat

Formed Views

Isometric

PHYSICAL SHEET GEOMETRY

Build your sheet-metal part

Start with the first flange, then add each bend using its angle, radius and direction. The thick-sheet CAD preview and flat pattern will update as you work.

Front

PHYSICAL SHEET GEOMETRY

Build your sheet-metal part

Start with the first flange, then add each bend using its angle, radius and direction. The thick-sheet CAD preview and flat pattern will update as you work.

Top

PHYSICAL SHEET GEOMETRY

Build your sheet-metal part

Start with the first flange, then add each bend using its angle, radius and direction. The thick-sheet CAD preview and flat pattern will update as you work.

Right

PHYSICAL SHEET GEOMETRY

Build your sheet-metal part

Start with the first flange, then add each bend using its angle, radius and direction. The thick-sheet CAD preview and flat pattern will update as you work.

Calculated Bend Table mm · CALCULATED

BendAngleDir.Inside RFlangeKBABDLine pos.

Ready to begin — define the geometry and bend data.

Flanges: entered outside dimensions. End flange F2: — mm. BA: allowance; BD: deduction. Angles rotate from the previous flange.

Results Summary

Developed lengthNOT EVALUATED
Total bend allowanceNOT EVALUATED
Total bend deductionNOT EVALUATED
K-factor usedNOT EVALUATED
Max. estimated forceNOT EVALUATED
Number of bends1
Minimum straight flangeNOT EVALUATED
Theoretical weightNOT EVALUATED
Width / thickness— / — mm

Weight uses nominal dimensions and reference density. Actual weight varies with tolerances and composition. Force is an empirical air-bending estimate.

Tooling Recommendation

Punch type / angle: CHECK REQUIRED. Radius: NOT DEFINED . V-die opening: NOT DEFINED . Required clearance: NOT EVALUATED.

Entered geometry is a planning candidate. Exact manufacturer tool reference not verified.

Manufacturing Checks

Bend-data sourceCHECK REQUIRED
Minimum bend radiusCHECK REQUIRED
K-factor sourceCHECK REQUIRED
Flat-pattern completenessNOT EVALUATED
Tooling / die openingCHECK REQUIRED
Press-brake tonnageNOT EVALUATED
Machine capacityCHECK REQUIRED
Grain directionCHECK REQUIRED
SpringbackNOT EVALUATED
Bend sequence / tool collisionsNOT EVALUATED
Hole / edge proximityNOT EVALUATED
Profile self-intersectionNOT EVALUATED
Manufacturing trialCHECK REQUIRED
Minimum flange / tool clearanceNOT EVALUATED

Sheet metal · Engineering report

Drawing properties

Blank fields remain NOT DEFINED. No tolerance, finish or manufacturing approval is inferred.

Project information

Project
NOT DEFINED
Application
NOT DEFINED
Quantity
NOT DEFINED
Design reference / basis
NOT DEFINED
Units
SI — mm, MPa, kN, metric tonne-force

Material and selected geometry

Material — DESIGN SELECTED
NOT DEFINED
Thickness — DESIGN SELECTED (mm)
NOT DEFINED
Tensile strength (MPa)
NOT DEFINED — NOT DEFINED
Yield strength — USER INPUT, recorded only (MPa)
NOT DEFINED
Condition / temper
NOT DEFINED
Grain direction
NOT DEFINED
Dimension convention
outside
Part width — DESIGN SELECTED (mm)
NOT DEFINED
F1 — DESIGN SELECTED (mm)
NOT DEFINED
F2 — DESIGN SELECTED (mm)
NOT DEFINED

Bend definitions and data source

Data mode
K
Supplied BA/BD (mm)
NOT APPLICABLE
B1
90° from flat; R NOT DEFINED mm; up; K NOT DEFINED; source NOT DEFINED — NOT DEFINED; next flange F2 NOT DEFINED mm; sequence 1

Calculation results — CALCULATED

Total bend allowance (mm)
NOT EVALUATED
Total bend deduction (mm)
NOT EVALUATED
Flat length (mm)
NOT EVALUATED
Blank width (mm)
NOT EVALUATED
Blank area (m²)
NOT EVALUATED
Theoretical weight (kg)
NOT EVALUATED
Maximum forming force per bend (kN)
NOT EVALUATED
Maximum forming tonnage per bend (tf)
NOT EVALUATED

Bend table

Bend table
NOT EVALUATED

Tooling, machine and drawing properties

Bend method
NOT DEFINED
Tooling arrangement
per-bend
Common die opening (mm)
NOT DEFINED
Common punch radius (mm), recorded only
NOT DEFINED
Forming length (mm)
NOT DEFINED
Machine manufacturer
NOT DEFINED
Machine model
NOT DEFINED
Machine capacity — USER INPUT (tf)
NOT DEFINED
Bed length (mm)
NOT DEFINED
Tooling system
NOT DEFINED
Controller / tooling family
NOT DEFINED
Tooling basis
NOT DEFINED
Springback compensation — recorded only
NOT DEFINED
Springback source
NOT DEFINED
Material specification
NOT DEFINED
Surface finish / coating
NOT DEFINED
General tolerance
NOT DEFINED
Deburr / edge requirement
NOT DEFINED
Heat treatment
NOT DEFINED
Units / scale / revision
mm / Not to scale — dimensions govern / Draft / 00
Drawing status
Engineering review required before manufacturing release.

Engineering interpretation

Current condition
Define material, thickness, every bend and flange, the dimension convention and the source of bend data. Missing results are NOT EVALUATED, not passed checks.

Calculation trace

Flat-pattern calculation
NOT EVALUATED

Engineering checks

Bend-data source
CHECK REQUIRED — B1: NOT DEFINED — NOT DEFINED; Approved process-specific bend data. An entered reference is recorded, not independently approved.
Minimum bend radius
CHECK REQUIRED — B1: NOT DEFINED mm; Material specification, condition and tool data. No universal minimum radius is applied.
K-factor source
CHECK REQUIRED — B1: K NOT DEFINED — NOT DEFINED; Process-dependent input. Confirm against the actual tooling and bend trials.
Flat-pattern completeness
NOT EVALUATED — NOT EVALUATED; Sequential strip geometry and explicit dimension convention. PASS means positive, reconciled developed dimensions only; it does not check collisions or authorize manufacture.
Tooling / die opening
CHECK REQUIRED — NOT DEFINED mm; NOT DEFINED; Manufacturer tooling data. Punch radius and tooling references are recorded only. Tool compatibility and load rating are not solved.
Press-brake tonnage
NOT EVALUATED — NOT EVALUATED; Selected coefficient 1.42; empirical air bending. This is an empirical air-bending estimate. Final press-brake and tooling selection should be verified against the machine/tooling manufacturer's data.
Machine capacity
CHECK REQUIRED — NOT DEFINED; Force estimate required. PASS is only the numerical estimate ≤ entered capacity comparison; no reserve, bed-loading or tool-rating certification.
Grain direction
CHECK REQUIRED — NOT DEFINED; Material/condition and bend orientation. Not applicable is a user decision; grain suitability is not calculated.
Springback
NOT EVALUATED — NOT EVALUATED; Separate validated model or manufacturing review required. No implemented rule; no PASS is inferred from the drawing.
Bend sequence / tool collisions
NOT EVALUATED — NOT EVALUATED; Separate validated model or manufacturing review required. No implemented rule; no PASS is inferred from the drawing.
Hole / edge proximity
NOT EVALUATED — NOT EVALUATED; Separate validated model or manufacturing review required. No implemented rule; no PASS is inferred from the drawing.
Profile self-intersection
NOT EVALUATED — NOT EVALUATED; Separate validated model or manufacturing review required. No implemented rule; no PASS is inferred from the drawing.
Manufacturing trial
CHECK REQUIRED — Bend coupon / trial required; Approved production process. Confirm bend data, springback and final dimensions before release.

Drawing validation

Material
NOT DEFINED
Thickness
NOT DEFINED
Finished geometry
NOT DEFINED
Bend radius
NOT DEFINED
Bend angle
DEFINED
Bend-data source
NOT DEFINED
Dimension convention
DEFINED
Flat pattern calculated
CHECK REQUIRED
Bend direction
DEFINED
Grain direction
NOT DEFINED
General tolerance
NOT DEFINED
Deburr / edge requirement
NOT DEFINED
Tooling reference
NOT DEFINED
Bend method
NOT DEFINED

Unresolved items

Input review
Select the material context.
Input review
Thickness must be greater than zero.
Input review
Part width must be greater than zero.
Input review
Flange F1 length must be greater than zero.
Input review
Flange F2 length must be greater than zero.
Input review
B1: inside radius must be greater than zero.
Input review
B1: K-factor must be between 0 and 1.
Input review
B1: identify the bend-data source.
Input review
Identify the bend-data source and reference for every bend.
Input review
Select air bending for the supported force estimate. Bottoming/coining force is NOT EVALUATED.
Input review
Enter positive tensile strength and identify its source.
Input review
Forming length must equal the positive part width for a full-width strip bend.
Input review
Enter a positive die opening for every bend or provide one common value.
Bend-data source
An entered reference is recorded, not independently approved.
Minimum bend radius
No universal minimum radius is applied.
K-factor source
Confirm against the actual tooling and bend trials.
Flat-pattern completeness
PASS means positive, reconciled developed dimensions only; it does not check collisions or authorize manufacture.
Tooling / die opening
Punch radius and tooling references are recorded only. Tool compatibility and load rating are not solved.
Press-brake tonnage
This is an empirical air-bending estimate. Final press-brake and tooling selection should be verified against the machine/tooling manufacturer's data.
Machine capacity
PASS is only the numerical estimate ≤ entered capacity comparison; no reserve, bed-loading or tool-rating certification.
Grain direction
Not applicable is a user decision; grain suitability is not calculated.
Springback
No implemented rule; no PASS is inferred from the drawing.
Bend sequence / tool collisions
No implemented rule; no PASS is inferred from the drawing.
Hole / edge proximity
No implemented rule; no PASS is inferred from the drawing.
Profile self-intersection
No implemented rule; no PASS is inferred from the drawing.
Manufacturing trial
Confirm bend data, springback and final dimensions before release.
Material
NOT DEFINED
Thickness
NOT DEFINED
Finished geometry
NOT DEFINED
Bend radius
NOT DEFINED
Bend-data source
NOT DEFINED
Flat pattern calculated
CHECK REQUIRED
Grain direction
NOT DEFINED
General tolerance
NOT DEFINED
Deburr / edge requirement
NOT DEFINED
Tooling reference
NOT DEFINED
Bend method
NOT DEFINED

Technical references and verification

Autodesk Inventor, Sheet Metal Unfold Reference
MANUFACTURER DATA; https://help.autodesk.com/cloudhelp/2024/ENU/Inventor-Help/files/GUID-7B2525E4-8191-46F2-8CC3-FF422114EAE5.htm; reviewed 2026-09-15. K is controlled process information, not a universal material property. Use approved shop data, bend coupons or a validated bend table.
Autodesk Inventor, bend/open-angle and unfold conventions
MANUFACTURER DATA; https://help.autodesk.com/cloudhelp/2024/ENU/Inventor-Help/files/GUID-7B2525E4-8191-46F2-8CC3-FF422114EAE5.htm; reviewed 2026-09-15. The outside-dimension convention subtracts bend deduction; tangent dimensions add allowance. Grain, tooling, springback and coupons control production release.
Selected empirical metric basis; Bystronic tonnage guidance for method/tooling limits
DESIGN ASSUMPTION / MANUFACTURER DATA; https://www.bystronic.com/zaf/en/news/how-calculate-press-brake-tonnage; reviewed 2026-09-15. Selected empirical metric air-bending estimate. 1.42 is not a universal physical constant and is not attributed to Bystronic. Final tonnage/tooling selection must use the current manufacturer chart or approved formula; no universal bottoming/coining factors.
Verification status
Reuses regression-tested engines; this is not project certification or manufacturing approval.
  • Constant-thickness, constant-width sequential strip; one to six cylindrical bends. Cutouts, hems, jog tooling and varying-width blanks are not modeled.
  • Bend angle means rotation from flat, not the included/open angle. Open angle = 180° − bend angle. Direction is relative to the preceding flange.
  • Outside dimensions are outside-mould-line lengths; tangent dimensions are straight lengths between bend tangencies. Inside dimensions are not accepted.
  • K-factor is process-dependent bend data, not a universal material property. Reference/example values require replacement or approval before production.
  • Direct BA/BD entry supports one bend only and is converted to an equivalent K within the existing engine's 0 < K < 1 domain. This conversion does not certify the supplied data.
  • Bend lines mark the middle of calculated bend zones, measured from the left blank edge. Bend IDs follow profile order, not an approved forming sequence.
  • Forming force is for one full-width bend at a time, not the sum of simultaneous bends. The entered forming length must equal the part width for this strip model.
  • Theoretical weight uses developed blank volume and an existing nominal reference density where a reviewed mapping exists. Actual mass varies with material and thickness tolerances.
  • This is an empirical air-bending estimate. Final press-brake and tooling selection should be verified against the machine/tooling manufacturer's data.
  • Minimum radius, grain suitability, springback, tooling clearance, self-intersection, bend sequence and hole/edge proximity require separate engineering review.
  • Engineering review required before manufacturing release.